Tuesday, November 11, 2008

No light at the end of the tunel (?) by Ektoras

There’s no reason to pretend any more. The economic news that poured out during October suggests that the US economy is indeed in a recession and Europe is likely to follow. The upcoming news that refer to job losses clearly indicate what follows… A DEEP decline in corporate profits and possible losses; We should stop hiding and finally admit that losses will reach almost all types of companies and not only the automobile sector. It is funny that we need to start reading our university books again in order to find out which goods are determined as “Giffen Goods”... A good investment idea would be stocks of companies whose production is based on such goods. One should keep in mind that “Giffen Goods” have changed since the theory was established BUT the idea remains the same. On macro grounds now, the unemployment rate shot up to 6.5% and 8% in the US and EU respectively. Unfortunately this is a lagging indicator, so we should expect that it will increase in the near future. Emerged economies had not witnessed such unemployment figures since the early 1980s. The situation is worse for the emerging economies. As our demand dwindles for products, those jobs that were created in Asia and Eastern Europe over the last ten years, will be just that amount of foreign jobs that will be terminated. The US and the EU exported jobs and credit and now they will be exporting unemployment and financial instability.
Retail stores in London and New York bombard potential consumers with “40 – 60% OFF” sale signs, and it is not even Christmas. Even if people increase their consumption during these days, there won’t be much profit associated with these sales. Companies just need cash and they are willing to pay a lot for acquiring it. In Europe, many car manufacturers promise that in two years they will buy back - at the same price - the car that they will sell during November. Obviously, under these conditions, they do not bet on inflation. They need CASH NOW!
It would be unfair not to blame governments at this point, especially the European ones. Cutting taxes is a measure, but you need to cut taxes at the right point in time. Last month, most of the governments reduced taxes. I would not expect that they will gain a lot out of that. Households have already reduced their spending on house-cleaners, their hairdresser’s appointments, their lawn services, their manicures and even how often they use their cars. It is not likely that they will start financing these activities soon. It is also very sad to mention that some countries, like Greece, have not even considered cutting taxes yet. They keep imposing new taxes which will –mathematically – lead to credit crunch and economic slowdown! How short sighted.
It is impossible for me, and whoever does not believe in miracles, to find a way for this recession to be anything but long and deep. We expect a major stimulus package from almost every government in Europe but this will not make the recession disappear – or the up coming depression. It will ease the consequences but the duration will be longer.
Year 2009 will be a miserable year for the economy and for corporate profits. It is likely though for the stock market to react or at least keep the current levels. During the next 12 months it is likely that we will see the stock markets trying to gain their lost “prestige”. But before that we should not be surprised if we see increased volatility and even lower prices. After all, past experience dictates that stock markets lead the way and the real economy follows.

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Sunday, November 2, 2008

USD FX: Obama Priced In

From a confidential source(copy-cough-cough-righted):


USD: Obama priced in

USDJPY fell to below 96.50 levels on Friday before recovering through the European session and then traded sideways for most of the US session around current levels of 98.50. In that time period EURUSD has traded sideways, oscillating around 1.2750 levels. Equity markets finished higher on Friday, with the S&P500 rising by 1.5%, but still posted its worst monthly performance since Oct '87. Libor markets showed some further signs of normalization, with the 3-month libor over OIS spreads narrowing to 2.38%, but still a far cry from 6-8bp that characterised pre-credit crunch trading. Curiously, while libor-OIS spreads are contracting for the US, Australia and New Zealand, they are widening in the UK.

Economic data on Friday in the US was recession-like. The Chicago PMI for October fell to 37.8, down from 56.7 in September, and the weakest reading since 2001. The final reading on the October Uni of Michigan consumer sentiment index was 57.6, down from 70.3 in September, and the largest decline since the survey was initiated in the 1950s. Finally, personal spending fell by 0.3% m/m in September - the worst monthly decline since May 2005.

In the week ahead, markets will be distracted by the presidential election on Tuesday, with on-line bookies giving a 87% chance that Senator Barack Obama will secure the presidency. The congressional elections will also be very important, as the Democrats could potentially get a filibuster-proof majority of 60 seats. The Carter administration was the last time the president had the benefit of the filibuster-proof majority. With the result largely priced in, we are not expecting a significant impact on the currency markets. Longer term arguably the prospect of a more rapid exiting of Iraq could be construed as positive for the dollar, while concerns over Obama's attitudes towards free trade could be viewed as negative for the dollar.

On the data front, we have some important updates for October. We expect Friday's payrolls to show a 250k decline, while the ISMs should register well below the 50 level that demarcates contraction and expansion. Finally, pending home sales will also likely show a decline. We remain bullish on the US dollar, and rate cuts by the BoE and the ECB on Thursday should help to support the currency.

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Monday, October 27, 2008

The black hole of (de) leveraging by Ektoras

As Krugman stated falling home prices lead to the feared phenomenon of “debt deflation.”
By common sense when businesses get into financial trouble, they sell assets and use the proceeds to pay their debt. Such selloffs are self-defeating when everyone does it: if everyone sell his assets at the same time, the resulting plunge in market prices undermines debtors’ financial positions faster than debt can be paid off. So we get into a vicious circle. The severe economic slump is some moments away. The same goes for the property market all over the world. Debt deflation at these moments is the real threat and unfortunately key financial players are highly leveraged.
The current U.S. financial crisis is similar to what happened to Japan back in the late ‘80s. Keep in mind that the Japanese crisis lasted almost a decade. The response to a Japan-type financial crisis was supposed to involve a very aggressive combination of interest-rate cuts and fiscal stimulus, designed to prevent spillover effects to the real economy.
What we currently face is aggressive rate cuts and push of funds into the private sector. Results show that the funds were not led to the right companies or at least it was not given the right way. There were no Tax reliefs at all.
In a few words, humanity is under heavy Deleveraging. The problem is not deleveraging itself. The problem is that nobody knows when this will end because nobody really knows the real leverage levels. It can be stated that the black hole of leverage will swallow everything before it disappears..
Overall, supporting the economy with government funds seems to be a good idea BUT governments should proceed to other actions in order to relief the corporate struggle. Just throwing money will not lead anywhere..the black hole will destroy everything. Central bank governors and Governments Should get the big picture. They just focus in specific aspects of the crisis and in the long run this may be the reason of the upcoming economic meltdown. Taking decision under panic is the worst thing that can happen. We should learn from the Japanese economic crisis and act in accordance. Of course there are differences but there are a lot of indications which show that we will be led there..

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Friday, October 24, 2008

The next day (or there will not be one?) by Ektoras

The market is crashing.. What did you expect? At this moment there are many reasons for the markets to collapse. May be we don’t want to realize it but it is just right in front of us. The real economy will suffer. The next thing that one should expect now is that debt coming from shipping companies will not be repaid and that banks that are heavily exposed to the emerging markets, and do not have a well established network, will face major loses.
The situation in the Shipping industry is really bad. One after the other, shipping companies shut down and things are about to get worse as the global economic slowdown really affects the world demand for commodities. The Inflows will diminish and the losses will increase dramatically. Hence, banks will not be paid for their shipping loans and will have to write them off or sell them with major loses.
On the emerging markets front now, unfortunately things are about to get even worse. The local currencies have declined against the US$ and the Euro, there is no liquidity in the market and on the top of that people are afraid of the banking system and they massively withdraw their savings. The funding gaps that will be created will be disastrous and the mother companies either will pay a high price to cover them or they will not cover them at all! The picture gets even more complicated if we add the fact that banks are not in position to borrow/lend money in the interbank market. Moreover the government intervention is not going to help, to this end, as it is not very likely that the governments will allow the banks to take risks and grow with its money.
We should realize that companies do not face losses.. they just try to survive under the destroy of capital. Finance returns to its roots and a new banking era starts.. In any case, in the long run banks will survive and will bring reality to their standards- not their standards to reality. After all, banking is the second ancient profession!

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F is also for Forex (FT Alphaville)

F is also for Forex

Oct 24 10:11
by Izabella Kaminska

The forex markets are seeing an unwind of epic proportions this morning,

Latest key rates include:
$£ 1.5516

$Y 93.35

€$ 1.2798

The great British Krona’s decline is perhaps best reflected in chart form:

link to great british krona
Regarding the carry trades that may have got us into this trouble in the first place Denis Gartman of the Gartman letter put it nicely yesterday:

Perhaps we have entered a new era of forex market volatility that shall be with us for a very long while, but we suspect we shall never, ever, EVER see the likes of this punishing unwinding of this hugely important cross position again in our lifetime. Certainly we hope never to see its likes again.

Adding to that we must not forget the ‘Great Emerging Market’ forex debacle featuring the Polish zloty, Hungarian forint and the South African rand all heading for their biggest weekley declines EVER. At the last count:

  • The Zloty’s weekly decline is an impressive 16%
  • The Hungarian forint’s decline is a slightly less impressive 14%
  • And the “commodities trade” South African rand is down nearly 17% in the week
In Addendum - Wasn’t it the fall of the mighty denarius that actually brought down the Roman Empire?

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The rising default wave (FT Alphaville)

The rising default wave

Oct 24 09:10
by Sam Jones

From a Fitch report out Wednesday (emphasis ours):

Fitch believes that the toxic combination of economic and funding pressures has set in motion the beginning of the next cyclical peak in high yield corporate defaults. In fact, a surge in corporate defaults has already taken place. The par value of U.S. high yield bond defaults alone has increased to $25 billion year to date through September from $3.5 billion for all of 2007, and including bonds affected by Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc.’s bankruptcy filing and Washington Mutual Inc.’s collapse, pushes the par value of corporate bond defaults above $100 billion, a level comparable to 2002 defaults…

…already.

Fitch believes that recent events are among a number of worrisome factors that suggest that the coming high yield default wave may be the most severe on record.

A few other select snaps from the report:

Impaired credit access will remain an issue for speculative grade companies years beyond the current crisis.

Consumer retrenchment more problematic than telecommunication meltdown.

Defaults tend to spike roughly one year following a meaningful contraction in corporate profit growth.

Roll on 2009, year of the corporate default.

Fitch default rates

From a strictly old-world point of view, this is going to be painful: corporate defaults always hurt.

What will make it all the more so this time, however (as compared to during the 1990s) will be the effect this has on the CDS markets. The pricing models on which CDS markets trade have not been tested through a major recession. Synthetic structured finance, to boot, offers the possibility of a damaging positive feedback loop, with ructions in the CDS markets forcing further deleveraging from banks, causing further credit contraction, and more corporate defaults.

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Bernanke Bailouts Not Working, Banks Hoarding (the Financial Ninja)

Bernanke Bailouts Not Working, Banks Hoarding


Click on the chart to marvel at the carnage.

Bottom line, Bernanke pumps in liquidity and the banks continue to hoard it. The Bernanke bailouts are not working, yet...

I'm encouraged by some of the recent improvements in the credit markets, but it isn't enough.

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